If you are a beginner or intermediate then this article gives you a good overview of TCL, TCL full form, and if you are an expert then it may help you to get something new on the same or help to refresh your knowledge. Well, in this article post, you will learn all about TCL full form, the definition of TCL, types of TCL commands and their uses, and its advantage, etc.
TCL Full Form
Hey guys, In a relational database management system, TCL full form is Transaction Control Language. TCL commands act like a name that is being used to control the transaction processing within the database. Every RDBMS are using SQL to perform different operations where transaction control language plays a common part in SQL instructions.
Definition of Transaction Control Language (TCL)
A transaction control language is a SQL component command similar to other programming languages that are used to control the transaction processing within the database. Basically, transaction control language commands are used to manage the processing of transactions through TCL statements.
How does TCL work?
TCL provides a set of commands that can be used to start and end transactions, as well as to control the behavior of transactions in case of errors or other exceptional conditions. Refer below some of the most common uses of TCL in SQL databases –
- TCL is a powerful language that can be used in many different ways in database programming.
- It can be used to automate repetitive tasks in database programming, such as creating and populating tables, or running complex queries.
- Using TCL scripts, developers can save time and reduce the risk of errors.
- It can be used to write test scripts for SQL databases, allowing developers to test the functionality and performance of their code.
- TCL provides a flexible and powerful framework for testing, with features such as assertions, logging, and error handling.
- It can be used to automate the deployment of SQL databases, allowing developers to quickly and easily deploy their code to production environments.
- TCL scripts can be used to create database schemas, load data, and configure database settings.
Importance of TCL Commands in SQL
SQL is a powerful database language for managing and querying databases, but it does not have the built-in ability to manage transactions. TCL commands are an important part of SQL because they ensure that transactions are executed as a single unit of work and that the database remains in a consistent state. TCL commands are an essential part of SQL because they ensure data integrity and consistency in a database. They help maintain the accuracy and reliability of the data by ensuring that transactions are processed accurately and completely. TCL commands allow users to define and control transaction boundaries, which helps prevent data inconsistencies and errors.
Types of TCL Commands in SQL
There are four types of TCL commands in SQL database management systems –
- BEGIN TRANSACTION
- COMMIT TRANSACTION
- ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
- SAVE TRANSACTION
Transaction Control Language (TCL) Commands
TCL has many functional capabilities which are organized by initial word statement as follows –
1. BEGIN TRANSACTION Statement
Begin command indicates the start of the transaction which is used at the beginning of the transaction. We have taken here a sample update DML command for a better understanding of BEGIN and COMMIT statements as follows –
Syntax:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
UPDATE Table_Name SET Column1='Value1',Column2='Value2',ColumnN='ValueN' WHERE Condition
COMMIT TRANSACTION {In case of if condition satisfied}
Example:
USE SQLPOST GO BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE Employee SET First_Name='Devid', Last_Name = 'John', Salutation = 'Mr' WHERE Employee_ID='008' COMMIT TRANSACTION GO
Screenshot: Below screenshot for reference –
2. COMMIT TRANSACTION Statement
Commit command ensures that the transaction is permanently saved into the database. Whenever we use the DML like insert, update or delete statements, it doesn’t make permanent changes to the database which can be rolled back by using the rollback command before applying the commit command. We have taken here a sample update DML command for a better understanding of BEGIN and COMMIT statements as follows –
Syntax:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
UPDATE Table_Name SET Column1='Value1',Column2='Value2',ColumnN='ValueN' WHERE Condition
COMMIT TRANSACTION {In case of if condition satisfied}
Example:
USE SQLPOST GO BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE Employee SET First_Name='Devid', Last_Name = 'John', Salutation = 'Mr' WHERE Employee_ID='008' COMMIT TRANSACTION GO
Screenshot: Below screenshot for reference –
3. ROLLBACK TRANSACTION Statement
Rollback command does undo all transaction changes. We have taken here a sample update DML command for a better understanding of BEGIN, and ROLLBACK statements as follows –
Syntax:
USE SQLPOST GO BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE Table_Name SET Column1='Value1',Column2='Value2',ColumnN='ValueN' WHERE Condition ROLLBACK TRANSACTION GO
Example:
USE SQLPOST GO BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE Employee SET First_Name='Devid', Last_Name = 'John', Salutation = 'Mr' WHERE Employee_ID='008' ROLLBACK TRANSACTION GO
Screenshot: Below screenshot for reference –
4. SAVE TRANSACTION Statement
Save-points or Save-transaction splits a transaction into small pieces of transaction like break-points of a transaction which facilitate committing or roll-back a particular piece of transaction easily into SQL. We have taken here a sample insert DML command for a better understanding of BEGIN, SAVE-TRANSACTION, ROLLBACK, and COMMIT statements as follows –
Syntax:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO Table_Name (Column1, Column2, ColumnN) VALUES ('Value1', 'Value2', 'ValueN')
SAVE TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_First -- {This Savepoint will be created after the first insert statement}
INSERT INTO Table_Name (Column1, Column2, ColumnN) VALUES ('Value1', 'Value2', 'ValueN')
SAVE TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_Second -- {This Savepoint will be created after the second insert statement}
INSERT INTO Table_Name (Column1, Column2, ColumnN) VALUES ('Value1', 'Value2', 'ValueN')
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_Second
COMMIT
SELECT * FROM Table_Name
GO
Example:
USE SQLPOST
GO
TRUNCATE TABLE Employee
BEGIN TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO Employee (Employee_ID, Salutation, First_Name) VALUES ('026', 'Mr', 'Rana')
SAVE TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_First -- {This Savepoint will be created after the first insert statement}
INSERT INTO Employee (Employee_ID, Salutation, First_Name) VALUES ('027', 'Mrs', 'Pratap')
SAVE TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_Second -- {This Savepoint will be created after the second insert statement}
INSERT INTO Employee (Employee_ID, Salutation, First_Name) VALUES ('028', 'Ms', 'Laxmi')
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION Insert_Statement_Second
COMMIT
SELECT * FROM Employee
GO
Screenshot: Below screenshot for reference –
Note: We have taken here a sample update DML command along with the if-else condition for a better understanding of BEGIN, ROLLBACK, and COMMIT statements as follows –
Syntax:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
UPDATE Table_Name SET Column1='Value1',Column2='Value2',ColumnN='ValueN' WHERE Condition
IF Condition
COMMIT TRANSACTION {In case of if condition satisfied}
ELSE
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION {In case of if condition not satisfied}
Example:
USE SQLPOST GO BEGIN TRANSACTION UPDATE Employee SET First_Name='Mongo', Last_Name = 'DB', Salutation = 'Mr' WHERE Employee_ID='007' IF @@ROWCOUNT=7 COMMIT TRANSACTION ELSE ROLLBACK TRANSACTION GO
Screenshot: Below screenshot for reference –
Advantages of TCL Commands in SQL
Below are the advantage of TCL commands in SQL for reference –
- TCL command saves changes into the database permanently using the commit command
- Users can save changes into the database temporarily using the save transaction command
- TCL commands facilitates to undo changes in database using the roll-back command
- TCL commands can restore the data to the last committed state
- TCL commands help to maintain the integrity and consistency of data
FAQs
Basically transaction control language commands are used to manage the processing of transactions through TCL statements.
There are basically four(4) main commands in TCL: BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT.
A TCL (transaction control language) is a SQL component command similar to other programming languages that are used to control the transaction processing within the database.
There are basically four(4) main commands in TCL: BEGIN to mark as a start transaction, COMMIT to mark as saved changes permanent, ROLLBACK to mark as undone the changes, and SAVEPOINT to mark small pieces of transaction and save temporarily.
Yes, A TCL (transaction control language) is a SQL component command.
Conclusion
Transaction Control Language (TCL) is an essential part of SQL used to manage transactions within a database. TCL commands ensure data integrity and consistency by defining transaction boundaries, committing transactions, or rolling back transactions. Understanding TCL in SQL is crucial for anyone working with databases, and we hope this article has provided you with a clear understanding of TCL and its importance in SQL.
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